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Theatre Level Operational Exercise (TROPEX)
Context:
The 2025 Edition of the Indian Navy’s Theatre Level Operational Exercise (TROPEX), a comprehensive and vital capstone exercise, was successfully conducted over a three-month period from January to March 2025 involving the Indian Navy, Army, Air Force, and Coast Guard.
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- The exercise includes various phases such as amphibious operations, cyber and electronic warfare, and tactical manoeuvres, ensuring that the Navy is prepared for a wide range of scenarios.
- Scale of Operations: Included around 70 naval ships, 9 submarines, and over 80 aircraft.
- Joint Operations: Integrated assets like Sukhoi-30, Jaguar, C-130, Flight Refueller, AWACS (Airborne Warning and Control System), and over 600 infantry troops.
Exercise Structure and Key Components
- The TROPEX 2025 exercise included multiple components designed to evaluate different operational capabilities:
- Amphibious Exercise (AMPHEX) – This phase focused on testing the Navy’s capabilities in amphibious operations, simulating the challenges of conducting landings and maritime operations in hostile environments.
- Joint Work Up Phase – This phase emphasised the precise delivery of ordnance to targets, highlighting the Navy’s precision strike capabilities.
- Cyber and Electronic Warfare – A critical component to assess how well the Navy can secure its operations in the modern warfare domain, particularly against cyber threats and electronic warfare challenges.
- Tactical Phase – The tactical phase tested the operational coordination and decision-making abilities in high-intensity combat scenarios.
Scale and Scope of Operations
- Set in the Indian Ocean, including both the Arabian Sea and the Bay of Bengal, the theatre of operations spanned an impressive area:
- 4300 nm from North to South (up to 35° South Latitude)
- 5000 nm from the Strait of Hormuz in the West to the Sunda and Lombok Straits in the East.
- This vast operational zone helped test the Navy’s ability to manage multiple challenges across a large geographical expanse.
Strategic Significance
- Operational Readiness: TROPEX provides a comprehensive evaluation of the Indian Navy’s ability to respond to multifarious challenges in a synchronised and integrated manner.
- Inter-Service Synergy: This joint participation fosters inter-service coordination and enhances the overall combat effectiveness of the armed forces. The integration of different services ensures a cohesive and unified response to potential threats
- Deterrence and Credibility: By conducting a large-scale exercise like TROPEX, the Indian Navy reaffirms its commitment to maintaining a combat-ready, credible, and future-ready force. The exercise serves as a deterrent to potential adversaries and underscores India’s resolve to protect its maritime interests.
