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Species in News: Indian Wild Ass
Context:
The latest census data reveals a remarkable 26% increase in the population of the Indian Wild Ass (Equus hemionus khur) in Gujarat.
More on News:
- The population has risen from 6,082 in 2020 to 7,672 in 2024, according to the Gujarat Forest Department.
- This increase was announced by the state government following the 10th Wild Ass Population Estimation conducted across 15,500 square kilometres.
- The population estimation, known as the Wild Ass Population Estimation (WAPE), is conducted every four years.
About Indian Wild Ass:
- The Indian wild ass (Equus hemionus khur), also known as the Indian onager or Ghudkhur in Gujarati, is a subspecies of onager native to South Asia.
- Family: Equidae
- This species, which is found only in India, particularly thrives in the Little Rann of Kutch (LRK), a unique habitat characterised by both wetland and desert features.
- Known for their strength, wild asses can run at impressive speeds of 50 to 70 kilometres per hour, making them well-suited for their harsh environment.
- Conservation Status: Classified as endangered by the IUCN in 2008.
- Listed under Schedule I of the Wildlife Protection Act, 1972. It is also included in the IUCN’s Red List of Threatened Species.
- Adaptability: They can survive extreme temperatures (45-50°C) in the Wild Ass Sanctuary.
- Diet: Primarily feed on grass that grows on the islands within the desert.
- Threats due to habitat loss and competition with livestock.
- Conservation efforts have played a crucial role in stabilising and increasing its population. These measures include habitat protection and management, which have contributed to the successful recovery of this unique species.