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Places in News: Malta
Context:
Malta gained independence from the United Kingdom on September 21, 1964, after more than 150 years of British rule.
About:
- Malta is an island country located in the Mediterranean Sea, approximately 80 km south of Italy, 284 km east of Tunisia, and 333 km north of Libya.
- It consists of an archipelago that includes the main islands of Malta, Gozo, and Comino.
- Valletta, the capital city, is noted as the smallest capital in the European Union in terms of both area and population.
Geographical Features:
- Topography: The islands are mostly flat with some hilly areas, particularly in Gozo. The highest point is Ta’ Dmejrek at 253 meters.
- Coastline: The coastline is rugged and indented with numerous bays and cliffs.
- Climate: Malta has a Mediterranean climate with hot, dry summers and mild winters.
Vegetation:
- Maquis: Dense shrubland consisting of evergreen shrubs and small trees.
- Garigue: A type of low shrubland found on rocky soils.
- Agricultural Land: Cultivation includes crops such as vegetables, fruits (especially citrus), and vines.
Major Industries:
- Tourism: A major sector due to its historical sites, beaches, and climate.
- Manufacturing: Includes electronics, pharmaceuticals, and textiles.
- Financial Services: Malta has developed into a financial services hub within the EU.
Flora and Fauna:
- Maltese rock-centaury (Cheirolophus crassifolius): A plant endemic to Malta.
- Wildflowers: Numerous species bloom in spring, including orchids and various herbs.
- Birds: Malta is a significant stopover for migratory birds; notable species include the European bee-eater and various raptors.
- Marine Life: The surrounding waters are rich in marine biodiversity, including fish species like grouper and octopus.