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Sahyadri Tiger Reserve
Context:
The Maharashtra forest department is preparing to relocate some tigers from the Tadoba-Andhari Tiger Reserve (TATR) in Chandrapur to Sahyadri, the state’s only tiger reserve in the western region.
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- The Sahyadri Tiger Reserve (STR), along with Kawal in Telangana, Kamlang in Arunachal Pradesh, Dampa in Mizoram and Satkosia in Odisha, is one of the five tiger reserves in India that has no tigers within its boundaries.
- The translocation initiative, approved by the National Tiger Conservation Authority (NTCA) in 2023, aims to repopulate the tiger population in the forests of the Northern Western Ghats.
- Established in 2010, STR was formed by merging Chandoli National Park and Koyna Wildlife Sanctuary.
- Initially, the plan involves translocating tigers from Tadoba-Andhari Tiger Reserve (TATR) to STR, as part of conservation efforts in the wildlife corridor between Maharashtra and Karnataka.
Sahyadri Tiger Reserve:
- It is located in Maharashtra.
- It derives its name from its position within the Western Ghats Sahyadri Range.
- Areas Covered: Satara, Sangli, Kolhapur, and Ratnagiri.
- The central area of STR features the “Shivsagar” reservoir of the Koyna River and the “Vasant Sagar” reservoir of the Warana River.
- Flora: Prominent floral species include Anjani (Memecylon umbellatum), Jambhul (Syzygium cumini), and Pisa (Actinodaphaone Angustifolia).
- Fauna: Endangered carnivores like Tigers, Wild Dogs, Leopards, and Herbivores like Gaur, Sambar, Four-Horned Antelope, Mouse Deer, and Giant Squirrel inhabit the Tiger Reserve.