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Species in News: Walrus
Species in News: Walrus
Context: In a significant development for Arctic ecology, scientists have identified a previously unknown walrus gathering site, or “haul-out,” on the remote shores of Svalbard, Norway.
About Walrus
- Species and Habitat: The walrus (Odobenus rosmarus) is a large flippered marine mammal found in the cold, icy waters of the Arctic Ocean and subarctic seas. They are divided into two subspecies: the Atlantic walrus and the Pacific walrus.
- Physical Characteristics: Known for their massive size, adult walruses can weigh over 1.5 tonnes. They are easily recognisable by their long tusks (elongated canine teeth), whiskered snouts, and thick, wrinkled skin. Their blubber provides insulation against frigid temperatures.
- Ecological Role: As a keystone species, walruses play a critical role in maintaining the health of the Arctic marine ecosystem. They influence the structure of the seabed community through their foraging, which involves rooting along the ocean floor for clams and other benthic organisms. This activity helps cycle nutrients and provides feeding opportunities for other species.
- Behavior – Haul-outs: Walruses are highly social and congregate in large numbers on sea ice, rocky shores, or beaches, a behavior known as “hauling out.” These haul-outs are essential for resting, giving birth, nursing calves, and social interaction.
- Primary Threat: The rapid loss of Arctic sea ice due to global warming is their most severe threat, forcing them to use crowded terrestrial haul-outs, which increases the risk of stampedes, makes them more vulnerable to human disturbances, and strains local food resources.
Conservation Status:
The walrus is listed as Vulnerable on the IUCN Red List. Walruses are listed under CITES Appendix III, which restricts international trade of their ivory.
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The Source’s Authority and Ownership of the Article is Claimed By THE STUDY IAS BY MANIKANT SINGH
