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Carbon Dioxide Emissions Set to Hit Record Highs in 2025
Context:
The forecast for atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2) levels in 2025 reveals alarming projections that underscore the urgent need for global climate action to avoid exceeding the 1.5°C temperature rise target set by the Paris Agreement.
Projected CO2 Concentrations
- In May 2025, CO2 levels are forecast to reach 429.6 ppm, the highest recorded in over 2 million years.
- This represents an increase of 2.26 ppm from 2024, which is unsustainable for meeting the 1.5°C global warming target.
Rising CO2 Levels and Unprecedented Increases
- 2024 saw the fastest-ever annual increase in CO2 concentrations, rising by 3.58 ppm (surpassing the predicted increase of 2.84 ppm).
- A significant contributor to this rise is record-high fossil fuel emissions, reduced carbon capture by forests, and the impact of wildfires.
Wildfires and Emissions
- Global wildfires in 2023 emitted approximately 7.3 billion tonnes of CO2, exacerbating atmospheric CO2 levels.
- Fossil fuel emissions in 2024 reached an all-time high of 41.6 billion tonnes, marking a notable increase from 40.6 billion tonnes in 2023.
Impact on Climate and Global Warming
- Rising CO2 levels act as a heat trap, causing higher global temperatures and contributing to severe weather events like heatwaves, storms, and floods.
- 2024 was the warmest year on record, with extreme weather events leading to widespread destruction and loss of life.
Regional Impact: India
- In India, extreme weather events in 2024 claimed the lives of at least 3,200 people according to the India Meteorological Department (IMD).
Future Projections and Climate Risks
- Global temperatures are expected to continue rising, with 2025 likely to be one of the three hottest years on record.
- The World Meteorological Organisation (WMO) predicts intensifying extreme weather events that will rank as the second most severe global risk from 2025 to 2027.
Urgent Action Needed
- Need for Urgent Action: To prevent further global warming, it is essential to stop the buildup of greenhouse gases and rapidly reduce emissions.
- International Cooperation: Significant international efforts and rapid emission cuts are critical to limiting global temperature increases and mitigating the severe consequences of climate change.
