Font size:
Print
Green Hydrogen-Powered Trains
Context:
The Himachal Pradesh Chief Minister urged the Central Government to explore the possibility of running trains on the Kalka-Shimla narrow-gauge railway on green hydrogen.
More on News:
- This proposal is part of the state’s larger goal to transition into a ‘green energy state’ by 2026, contributing to India’s climate commitments and Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs).
- The Kalka-Shimla railway has been a UNESCO World Heritage Site since 2008, recognised for its historic and scenic route through the Himalayan foothills.
Background
- Green hydrogen-powered trains represent a significant advancement in sustainable transportation, utilising hydrogen fuel cells to produce electricity and emit only water vapour. Examples include:
- North America has launched its first hydrogen-powered passenger train, the Coradia iLint.
- Indian Railways is set to begin trials of its first hydrogen train in December 2024, collaborating with Germany’s TUV-SUD for safety audits.
- The introduction of hydrogen trains is not limited to North America and India. This technology is being implemented in various regions worldwide, marking a shift towards cleaner rail systems.
- Countries like Germany and France have already integrated hydrogen trains into their rail networks, with Germany launching the world’s first hydrogen-powered train in 2018.
- The UK is also testing hydrogen trains as part of its plan to phase out diesel by 2040.
Himachal’s Vision for Green Energy:
- Green Energy Transformation Strategy: A six-pronged strategy for transforming Himachal Pradesh into a certified green energy state by March 31, 2026.
- The goal is to replace 1,500 Million Units (MUs) of thermal power consumption with renewable energy sources like hydropower, solar, and wind.
- Renewable Energy Consumption and Certification: Currently, Himachal Pradesh consumes 13,500 MUs of electricity, a large portion of which already comes from renewable sources.
- The state plans to achieve 90% renewable energy consumption in its power distribution network, making it eligible for certification as a fully Green Energy State in India.
- Focus on Green Hydrogen and Solar Power: The state is also focusing heavily on solar power generation, with plans to establish a 2,000 MW solar capacity over the next 4-5 years.
Significance:
- Economic impact: The transformation to green energy will help boost the state’s economy while ensuring a fair and just transition to sustainable energy. The shift is expected to create more opportunities for green industries in the state.
- Energy Efficiency: Hydrogen fuel cells provide a high energy density, allowing for longer travel distances without the need for extensive charging infrastructure compared to electric trains.
- Infrastructure Flexibility: Implementing hydrogen technology requires less upfront investment in infrastructure than electrifying rail lines, making it an attractive option for regions with limited resources.
- Environmental Impact: The transition will also enable industries to apply for the ‘Eco Mark’, enhancing the value of their products in the market.
Challenges:
- Hydrogen Production: The sustainability of hydrogen trains depends on the availability of green hydrogen produced from renewable sources. Scaling up production while ensuring environmental integrity is crucial.
- Infrastructure Development: Adequate refuelling stations and maintenance facilities need to be established to support the operational demands of hydrogen trains.
Future Outlook:
- Himachal Pradesh is making significant strides in green hydrogen production, with its first green hydrogen facility under development in collaboration with Oil India Limited (OIL).
- The successful deployment of green hydrogen trains could transform rail transport, contributing to global decarbonisation efforts.
- As technology advances and production scales up, more regions are likely to adopt this innovative solution, paving the way for a sustainable future in public transportation.
