Rajendra Prasad
Rajendra Prasad was a pivotal figure in India’s struggle for independence and the first President of India, serving from 1950 to 1962. Born on December 3, 1884, in Siwan, Bihar, he was an accomplished lawyer, journalist, and scholar who dedicated his life to the Indian National Movement.
Contributions to India’s Freedom Movement:
Prasad’s political journey began with his participation in the Indian National Congress (INC) in 1906. He formally joined the INC in 1911 and quickly became an influential leader in Bihar. His commitment to the freedom struggle deepened after he met Mahatma Gandhi during the Lucknow session of the INC in 1916. He was inspired by Gandhi’s principles of non-violence and civil disobedience, which led him to abandon his lucrative law career to actively participate in various movements, including the Champaran Satyagraha and the Salt Satyagraha.
Key Movements:
- Champaran Satyagraha (1917): He assisted Gandhi in addressing the grievances of indigo farmers, showcasing his leadership abilities and commitment to social justice.
- Salt Satyagraha (1930): Prasad led a local salt-making campaign in Bihar, which resulted in his imprisonment for six months. This act of defiance was part of Gandhi’s larger strategy against British salt laws.
- Quit India Movement (1942): He was arrested during this pivotal movement and spent nearly three years in jail, demonstrating his unwavering dedication to India’s independence.
Significance as President of India:
- Constitutional Leadership: As President of the Constituent Assembly, he played a crucial role in drafting the Indian Constitution. His leadership helped ensure that the Constitution reflected the aspirations of a diverse nation.
- Non-Partisan Role: Prasad established a tradition of non-partisanship for the presidency. He distanced himself from active politics post-independence, focusing instead on national unity and governance.
- Promoting Education and Development: He encouraged educational reforms and agricultural development during his tenure, advising Prime Minister Jawaharlal Nehru on various issues.
Showcasing Constitutional Duties:
- Ceremonial Functions: He presided over numerous state functions and represented India at international events, reinforcing India’s stature on the global stage.
- Advisory Role: He provided guidance to the government on critical issues such as food security and education policy. His slogan, “Grow More Food” during his tenure as Minister of Food and Agriculture, demonstrated his commitment to addressing national challenges.
- Promoting Unity: Prasad worked tirelessly to foster unity among India’s diverse communities. His emphasis on non-violence and cooperation echoed Gandhi’s principles and helped maintain stability during a tumultuous period following independence.
- Hindu Code Bill: President Rajendra Prasad believed that bills like the Hindu Code Bill should not be tabled on the floor unless the Parliament is an elected body.
